Prostate Cancer
Understanding the diagnosis
Prostate cancer starts in the gland below the bladder. A biopsy establishes the diagnosis, while PSA blood tests, the tumor grade group and imaging help describe risk and extent. Some cancers grow slowly enough for active surveillance; others need treatment. Decisions also consider existing urinary problems, overall health and personal priorities.
Where radiation may fit
Radiation can treat cancer within or near the prostate using external beams or brachytherapy, which places radioactive sources inside the gland. Hormone therapy may be added in selected situations. Radiation can also be considered after surgery or to relieve symptoms from spread. These approaches are not interchangeable for every patient.
Planning and preparing for treatment
Planning imaging identifies the target and nearby bladder and rectum. Your team may give bladder or bowel preparation instructions. A rectal spacer such as SpaceOAR creates separation between the prostate and rectum to reduce rectal radiation exposure; it does not treat cancer. Placement has risks and is not appropriate for everyone.
Follow-up and symptoms to report
Follow-up usually includes PSA testing and review of urinary, bowel and sexual health. PSA changes after radiation require interpretation over time rather than from one result alone. Ask about bleeding, persistent urinary symptoms and late effects. This is general education, not a recommendation for an individual treatment or device.
General patient education, not individual treatment advice. Your oncology team can explain which options apply to your diagnosis and review risks, benefits and alternatives.